DEUTERIUM DEPLETED WATER IN THE PUBLISHED RESEARCH

Mechanisms & Citations

Three decades of basic research has confirmed the importance of deuterium in living organisms. The ratio of the two hydrogen isotopes (deuterium/hydrogen) is a key signal influencing cellular processes at the submolecular level.

The transfer of deuterium and hydrogen to different structural and functional molecules is essential for maintaining normal cellular functions, nucleic acids structure and protein integrity.

To provide context for the significance of this isotope ratio, the concentration of deuterium in our body is 6-times higher that the normal amount of blood calcium level.

When the concentration increases to levels above a relatively stable equilibrium exceeding physiological and biochemical capacity for deuterium, submolecular dysregulation is the result. Depletion can reverse dysregulation as has been shown in the published research. Deuterium depleted water can facilitate intracellular depletion of deuterium very rapidly and efficiently.

Mechanisms of benefit of deuterium-depleted water (DDW) include:

  1. Inhibits cell proliferation (Somlyai et al., 1993; Boros et al., 2021; Zhang et al., 2019)
  2. Prevents the D/H ratio from increasing to the threshold required for cell division (Kovács et al., 2022)
  3. Induces cell cycle arrest (Yavari & Kooshesh, 2019)
  4. Induces apoptosis (Somlyai et al., 1998 [in vitro]; Somlyai et al., 1998 [in vivo] Somlyai et al., 2010;)
  5. Increases autophagy (Basov et al., 2019)
  6. Can selectively stress tumor cells and not healthy tissue (Wang et al., 2012)
  7. Decrease in tumor growth and metastasis rate (Basov et al., 2019)
  8. Restores activity of SOD (Basov et al., 2019)
  9. Restores mitochondrial fumarate hydratase activity (Tong et al., 2011)
  10. Prevents the expression of cancer-related genes, tumor development, and tumor recurrence (Kovacs et al., 2022)
  11. Reduces the number of single-stranded DNA breaks and modifies the miRNA profile (Basov et al., 2019)
  12. Decreases expression of p53, c-myc, and Ha-ras genes (Somlyai et al., 2000)
  13. Depletion protect cells by maintaining strong hydrogen bond networks (Boros et al., 2016)
  14. Is radioprotective (Bild et al., 1999)
  15. Improves thermoregulation (Yaglova et al., 2021)
  16. Is anti-inflammatory (Rasooli et al., 2019; Fatemi et al., 2020)
  17. Gives rise to oxidative stress to which cancer cells are particularly vulnerable to (Zhang et al., 2019)

Peer-reviewed data specific on the use of deuterium depleted water in cancer patients:

Deuterium Depletion Inhibits Cell Proliferation, RNA and Nuclear Membrane Turnover to Enhance Survival in Pancreatic Cancer (Boros et al., 2021)

A retrospective study of survival in breast cancer patients undergoing deuterium depletion in addition to conventional therapies (Krempels et al., 2013)

Deuterium depletion may delay the progression of prostate cancer (Kovács et al., 2011)

A retrospective evaluation of the effects of deuterium depleted water consumption on four patients with brain metastases from lung cancer. (Krempels et al., 2008)


REFERENCES
Basov, A., Fedulova, L., Baryshev, M., & Dzhimak, S. (2019). Deuterium-Depleted Water Influence on the Isotope 2H/1H Regulation in Body and Individual Adaptation. Nutrients, 11(8), 1903. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11081903

Bild, W., Stefanescu, I., Haulica, I., Lupuşoru, C., Titescu, G., Iliescu, R., & Nastasa, V. (1999). Research concerning the radioprotective and immunostimulating effects of deuterium-depleted water. Romanian journal of physiology : physiological sciences, 36(3-4), 205–218.

Boros, L. G., D'Agostino, D. P., Katz, H. E., Roth, J. P., Meuillet, E. J., & Somlyai, G. (2016). Submolecular regulation of cell transformation by deuterium depleting water exchange reactions in the tricarboxylic acid substrate cycle. Medical hypotheses, 87, 69–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2015.11.016

Boros, L. G., Somlyai, I., Kovács, B. Z., Puskás, L. G., Nagy, L. I., Dux, L., Farkas, G., & Somlyai, G. (2021). Deuterium Depletion Inhibits Cell Proliferation, RNA and Nuclear Membrane Turnover to Enhance Survival in Pancreatic Cancer. Cancer control : journal of the Moffitt Cancer Center, 28, 1073274821999655. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073274821999655

Fatemi, F., Golbodagh, A., Hojihosseini, R., Dadkhah, A., Akbarzadeh, K., Dini, S., & Malayeri, M. (2020). Anti-inflammatory Effects of Deuterium-Depleted Water Plus Rosa Damascena Mill. Essential Oil Via Cyclooxygenase-2 Pathway in Rats. Turkish journal of pharmaceutical sciences, 17(1), 99–107. https://doi.org/10.4274/tjps.galenos.2018.24381

Gyöngyi, Z, Somlyai, G. Deuterium depletion can decrease the expression of c-myc, Ha-ras and p53 gene in carcinogen-treated mice. In Vivo. 2000;14:437–439. PMID: 10904878.

Kovács, A, Guller, I, Krempels, K, et al. Deuterium depletion may delay the progression of prostate cancer. J Cancer Ther. 2011;2:548–556. doi:10.4236/jct.2011.24075

Kovács, B. Z., Puskás, L. G., Nagy, L. I., Papp, A., Gyöngyi, Z., Fórizs, I., Czuppon, G., Somlyai, I., & Somlyai, G. (2022). Blocking the Increase of Intracellular Deuterium Concentration Prevents the Expression of Cancer-Related Genes, Tumor Development, and Tumor Recurrence in Cancer Patients. Cancer control : journal of the Moffitt Cancer Center, 29, 10732748211068963. https://doi.org/10.1177/10732748211068963

Krempels, K., Somlyai, I, Somlyai, G. A retrospective evaluation of the effects of deuterium depleted water consumption on four patients with brain metastases from lung cancer. Integr Cancer Ther. 2008;7(3):172–181. doi:10.1177/1534735408322851

Krempels, K., Somlyai I, Gyöngyi Z, Ember I, Balog K, Abonyi O, and Somlyai G. “A Retrospective Study of Survival in Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Deuterium Depletion in Addition to Conventional Therapies.” Journal of Cancer Research & Therapy 1, no. 8 (2013): 194–200. https://doi.org/10.14312/2052-4994.2013-29.

Rasooli, A., Fatemi, F., Hajihosseini, R., Vaziri, A., Akbarzadeh, K., Mohammadi Malayeri, M. R., Dini, S., & Foroutanrad, M. (2019). Synergistic effects of deuterium depleted water and Mentha longifolia L. essential oils on sepsis-induced liver injuries through regulation of cyclooxygenase-2. Pharmaceutical biology, 57(1), 125–132. https://doi.org/10.1080/13880209.2018.1563622

Somlyai G, Jancsó G, Jákli G, Vass K, Barna B, Lakics V, Gaál T. Naturally occurring deuterium is essential for the normal growth rate of cells. FEBS Lett. 1993;317:1-4. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(93)81479-j

Somlyai, G, Laskay, G, Berkényi, T, et al. The biological effects of deuterium-depleted water, a possible new tool in cancer therapy. Zeitschrift für Onkologie (ger) Journal of Oncology. 1998;30:91–94.

Somlyai, G, Laskay, G, Berkényi, T, Jákli, GY, Jancsó, G. Naturally occurring deuterium may have a central role in cell signalling. In: Heys, JR, Melillo, DG, eds. Synthesis and Applications of Isotopically Labelled Compounds. John Wiley and Sons; 1998: 137–141.

Somlyai, G., Molnár, M., Laskay, G., Szabó, M., Berkényi, T., Guller, I., & Kovács, A. (2010). A természetben megtalálható deutérium biológiai jelentosége: a deutériumdepletio daganatellenes hatása [Biological significance of naturally occurring deuterium: the antitumor effect of deuterium depletion]. Orvosi hetilap, 151(36), 1455–1460. https://doi.org/10.1556/OH.2010.28865

Tong, W. H., Sourbier, C., Kovtunovych, G., Jeong, S. Y., Vira, M., Ghosh, M., Romero, V. V., Sougrat, R., Vaulont, S., Viollet, B., Kim, Y. S., Lee, S., Trepel, J., Srinivasan, R., Bratslavsky, G., Yang, Y., Linehan, W. M., & Rouault, T. A. (2011). The glycolytic shift in fumarate-hydratase-deficient kidney cancer lowers AMPK levels, increases anabolic propensities and lowers cellular iron levels. Cancer cell, 20(3), 315–327. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2011.07.018

Wang, H.; Zhu, B.; Liu, C.; Fang, W.; Yang, H. [Deuterium-depleted water selectively inhibits nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell proliferation in vitro]. Nan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = J. South. Med. Univ. 2012, 32, 1394–1399. PMID: 23076171.

Yaglova, N. V., Obernikhin, S. S., Timokhina, E. P., Diatropova, M. A., Diatropov, M. E., & Yaglov, V. V. (2021). Impact of Reduced Deuterium Intake on Thermoregulation. Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine, 171(5), 572–575. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10517-021-05271-8

Yavari, K., & Kooshesh, L. (2019). Deuterium Depleted Water Inhibits the Proliferation of Human MCF7 Breast Cancer Cell Lines by Inducing Cell Cycle Arrest. Nutrition and cancer, 71(6), 1019–1029. https://doi.org/10.1080/01635581.2019.1595048

Zhang, X., Gaetani, M., Chernobrovkin, A., & Zubarev, R. A. (2019). Anticancer Effect of Deuterium Depleted Water - Redox Disbalance Leads to Oxidative Stress. Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP, 18(12), 2373–2387. https://doi.org/10.1074/mcp.RA119.001455
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